ترجمۀ سیاسی – متن ۷
یکشنبه، ۵ اردیبهشت ۹۵
Fascism
Historically, fascism is mainly a European phenomenon that emerged between the two world wars. Its most successful manifestations occurred in Italy, where Benito Mussolini's National Fascist Party held power from 1922 until 1943, and in Germany, where Adolph Hitler and the Nazi Party ruled between 1933 and 1945. Fascist movements also existed in other European countries during the inter‑war period, including France, Hungary, and Romania, but they did not acquire the extraordinary grip on power achieved by their Italian and German counterparts. Fascist‑like movements and groups have also emerged in other parts of the globe up to the present day. The American Nazi Party, neo-Nazi skinheads in Europe, and white-supremacist Afrikaner groups in South Africa are some examples of quasi-fascist or neo-fascist organizations in the contemporary era.
Reduced to its basic elements, fascist ideology consists of the following four points: hypernationalism, racism, totalitarianism, and mass mobilization through propaganda and coercion.